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Extinction of Species

Extinction of Species

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Habitat

Habitat can be defined as: 1. the natural environment of an organism; place that is natural for the life and growth of an organism. 2. the place where a person or thing is usually found. 3. a special environment for living in over an extended period. A habitat is the area or natural environment in which an organism or population normally lives. A habitat is made up of physical factors such as soil, moisture, range of temperature, and availability of light as well as biotic factors such as the availability of food and the presence of predators. A habitat is not necessarily a geographic area—for a parasitic organism it is the body of its host or even a cell within the host's body.

Plants

Plants include any member of the kingdom Plantae, comprising multicellular organisms that typically produce their own food from inorganic matter by the process of photosynthesis and that have more or less rigid cell walls containing cellulose, including vascular plants, mosses, liverworts, and hornworts: some classification schemes may include fungi, algae, bacteria, blue-green algae, and certain single-celled eukaryotes that have plantlike qualities, as rigid cell walls or photosynthesis. Trees are plants and include any of a wide variety of perennial plants typically having a single woody stem, and usually branches and leaves. Many species of both gymnosperms (notably the conifers) and angiosperms grow in the form of trees. The ancient forests of the Devonian, Mississippian, and Pennsylvanian periods of the Paleozoic Era were dominated by trees belonging to groups of seedless plants such as the lycophytes. The strength and height of trees are made possible by the supportive conductive tissue known as vascular tissue .

Fish

Fish include any of a large group of cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates having jaws, gills, and usually fins and a skin covered in scales: includes the sharks and rays (class Chondrichthyes : cartilaginous fishes ) and the teleosts, lungfish, etc (class Osteichthyes : bony fishes ).

Mammals

Mammals include any animal of the Mammalia, a large class of warm-blooded vertebrates having mammary glands in the female, a thoracic diaphragm, and a four-chambered heart. The class includes the whales, carnivores, dolphins, porpoises, rodents, bats, primates, etc. Mammals have the body more or less covered with hair, nourish the young with milk from the mammary glands, and, with the exception of the egg-laying monotremes, give birth to live young.

Birds

Birds include any warm-blooded vertebrate of the class Aves, having a body covered with feathers, forelimbs modified into wings, scaly legs, a beak, and no teeth, and bearing young in a hard-shelled egg. Birds have a beak, which is a hard bill covering the jaw, and a four-chambered heart. It is generally believed that birds are descended from dinosaurs and probably evolved from them during the Jurassic Period. While most paleontologists believe that birds evolved from a small dinosaur called the theropod, which in turn evolved from the thecodont, a reptile from the Triassic Period, other paleontologists believe that birds and dinosaurs both evolved from the thecodont. There are some who even consider the bird to be an actual dinosaur. According to this view, the bird is an avian dinosaur, and the older dinosaur a nonavian dinosaur. Although there are variations of thought on the exact evolution of birds, the similarities between birds and dinosaurs are striking and undeniable. Small meat-eating dinosaurs and primitive birds share about twenty characteristics that neither group shares with any other kind of animal; these include tubular bones, the position of the pelvis, the shape of the shoulder blades, a wishbone-shaped collarbone, and the structure of the eggs. Dinosaurs had scales, and birds have modified scales—their feathers—and scaly feet. Some dinosaurs also may have had feathers; a recently discovered fossil of a small dinosaur indicates that it had a featherlike covering.

Reptiles & Amphibians

Reptiles include any cold-blooded vertebrate of the class Reptilia, comprising the turtles, snakes, lizards, crocodilians, amphisbaenians, tuatara, and various extinct members including the dinosaurs. Amphibians include any cold-blooded vertebrate of the class Amphibia, comprising frogs and toads, newts and salamanders, and caecilians, the larvae being typically aquatic, breathing by gills, and the adults being typically semiterrestrial, breathing by lungs and through the moist, glandular skin. Reptiles are defined as any of various cold-blooded vertebrates of the class Reptilia, having skin covered with scales or horny plates, breathing air with lungs, and usually having a three-chambered heart. Unlike amphibians, whose eggs are fertilized outside the female body, reptiles reproduce by eggs that are fertilized inside the female. Though once varied, widespread, and numerous, reptilian lineages, including the pterosaurs, ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs, and dinosaurs, have mostly become extinct (though birds are living descendants of dinosaurs). The earliest reptiles were the cotylosaurs (or stem reptiles) of the late Mississippian or early Pennsylvanian Period, from which mammals evolved. Modern reptiles include crocodiles, snakes, turtles, and lizards. An amphibian can be defined as a cold-blooded, smooth-skinned vertebrate of the class Amphibia. Amphibians hatch as aquatic larvae with gills and, in most species, then undergo metamorphosis into four-legged terrestrial adults with lungs for breathing air. The eggs of amphibians are fertilized externally and lack an amnion.

Humans

Humans are defined as members of the species Homo sapiens; human beings. Humans also refer to a member of any of the extinct species of the genus Homo, such as Homo erectus or Homo habilis, that are considered ancestral or closely related to modern humans.

Insects

Insects include any animal of the class Insecta, comprising small, air-breathing arthropods having the body divided into three parts (head, thorax, and abdomen), and having three pairs of legs and usually two pairs of wings; and any of various similar arthropod animals, such as spiders, centipedes, or ticks.

Groups

Groups. If you want to add articles, pictures, videos, etc. to this site, you must join a Group.

Note: You do not need to join a Group to do many things on this site. You can have your own Blog, have your own private contact form, send and receive messages, send, accept or refuse Friend requests, maintain Friend relationships, comment on anything you read or see on this site that allows comments, and participate in the Forums without joining a Group. You just have to be a logged-in member to do this and much more!

Groups are themed by subject, like "Big Cats", "Amur Tiger", "Causes", "Tropical Forest Habitat", "Solutions", "Whales", "Blue Whale", "Great Apes", or "Silverback Gorilla", "North America Mountain Lion Club", etc., in which many users can share, create alone or together, collaborate, and in which you have the greatest amount of possible content that you can add to the site. You can make the content you add Public - visible to all site users, or Private - visible only to other members of the Group. If you don't see a Group for the topic you want, contact the Site Admin and request to be a Group Founder! You can communicate privately to other members of the Group - one by one, or all together!

Freshwater Aquatic Habitat

Freshwater habitat Rivers, lakes, ponds, and streams are examples of freshwater habitat. Fish, frog, duck, lotus, and water lily are found in freshwater.

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