Deserts

Deserts are areas that receive very little rainfall. Sahara, Kalahari, and Thar are some deserts. In hot deserts, daytime temperature in summer can reach 45°C. Annual rainfall is less than 25 cm. Though deserts are mostly considered to be hot, some are very cold (e.g., the Gobi desert in China). Organisms like cactus, camel, rattlesnake, gila monster, and kangaroo rat are found in deserts.

Tropical forests Tropical forests, also known as rainforests, are found between the equator and the two tropics (Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn).
The temperature of these forests ranges from 20°C to 34°C. These regions receive heavy rainfall throughout the year; the annual rainfall is more than 200 cm. The variety of flora and fauna found in these forests is vast (Fig. 10.1).
Plants: Orchid, vine, moss, and fern.
Animals: Bat, gorilla, monkey, jaguar, sloth, macaw, toucan, and a variety of insects.

Boreal forests Boreal forests are also called taiga. These forests are found in Canada, Russia, Scandinavia, China, Mongolia, and northern Japan. These forests are characterized by very low temperatures, that is, between -50°C and 30°C. The annual snowfall in these regions ranges from 40 to 100 cm.
Plants: Evergreen trees like pine, fir, and spruce.
Animals: Wolf, lynx, fox, deer, woodpecker, hare, bat, bear, moose, and chipmunk.

Marine habitat - Oceans and seas form the largest habitat on the planet.
A large variety of animals live in the marine habitat, from tiny plankton to the largest animal in the world – the blue whale. Fish, whale, shark, jellyfish, crab, starfish, sea turtle, octopus, and seaweed are found in marine habitat.

Causes of Extinction include hunting, over-fishing, habitat loss, over-population, climate change, global warming, pollution and more.