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Ethopian Wolf is genetically vulnerable and nearing extinction

Rarest dog: Ethiopian wolves are genetically vulnerable

 

 BBC Nature

 

Populations of the world's rarest dog, the Ethiopian wolf, are genetically fragmenting, scientists say.

Fewer than 500 of Africa's only wolf species are thought to survive. Now a 12-year study of Ethiopian wolves living in the Ethiopian highlands has found there is little gene flow between the small remaining populations. That places the wolves at greater risk of extinction from disease, or habitat degradation. In a study published in the journal , Dada Gottelli of the Zoological Society of London and colleagues in Oxford, UK and Berlin, Germany, quantified the genetic diversity, population structure and patterns of gene flow among 72 wild-living Ethiopian wolves.

 
Red dog

 BBC Nature

Earth: Will the age of man be written in stone?

There have been a few times in the history of mankind when we nearly died out as a species. Anthropologists call these events “bottlenecks”, times when the population of humans shrank – perhaps to as few as 2,000 people over 50,000 years ago. At those levels, we would be categorised as an endangered species on the IUCN Red List, existing in even fewer numbers than wild tigers do today. We survived, and in fact we’ve thrived, mainly because we adapted our environment to suit our needs. But to what degree has the survival and triumph of our species changed our planet? The best people to answer this could well be those who have the grandest perspective. Geologists can take a 4.5-billion-year step back and look at the human impact on our planet in the context of its long history – they can identify changes in the rock record within layers of deposited sediments that build up and are compressed over time.

Hong Kong 2012 largest illegal african elephant tusk ivory seizure

Hong Kong makes largest ivory seizure worth $3.4m

 20 October 2012
 
Ivory tusks are used in traditional medicine in Asia.
 

Hong Kong customs officials say they have confiscated nearly four tonnes of smuggled ivory - their largest seizure of products from endangered species.

Conservation targets need billions in funding

Scientists say billions required to meet conservation targets

 

Ethiopian bush crow

 

The most threatened species tend to be relatively cheap to save because of small range sizes.

 

Reducing the risk of extinction for threatened species and establishing protected areas for nature will cost the world over $76bn dollars annually. Researchers say it is needed to meet globally agreed conservation targets by 2020. The scientists say the daunting number is just a fifth of what the world spends on soft drinks annually. And it amounts to just 1% of the value of ecosystems being lost every year, they report in the journal Science.

“Nature just doesn't do recessions, we're talking about the irreversible loss of unique species and millions of years of evolutionary history” Donal McCarthy RSPB

Climate Change is affecting fish size and reproduction, with reduced fisheries yields.

Climate change 'may shrink fish'

 

Haddock from the North Sea

 

Fish body size is related to the water's temperature and oxygen levels, says the team

 

Fish species are expected to shrink

Leopard poaching in India

India WWF report says four leopards killed every week

 

Indian leopard
 
Wildlife experts say there are no reliable population estimates of leopards in India
 

At least four leopards are poached every week in India, according to a new study by a group of conservationists.

Poaching kills rare one-horned rhino in Assam state, India

India probes attacks on rhinos in Assam state

Villagers look at a wounded one-horned rhinoceros that was shot and dehorned by poachers in Parku hills, near Kaziranga National Park, about 250 kilometers (156 miles) east of Gauhati, India, Wednesday, Sept. 26, 2012
 
There have been a number of attacks this week.

 

Great Ape habitat in Africa has dramatically declined

Bonobos
 
Bonobos have less far to roam.

Great apes, such as gorillas, chimps and bonobos, are running out of places to live, say scientists. They have recorded a dramatic decline in the amount of habitat suitable for great apes, according to the first such survey across the African continent. Eastern gorillas, the largest living primate, have lost more than half their habitat since the early 1990s. Cross River gorillas, chimps and bonobos have also suffered significant losses, according to the study. Details are published in the journal Diversity and Distributions. "Several studies either on a site or country level indicated already that African ape populations are under enormous pressure and in decline," said Hjalmar Kuehl, of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, who helped organise the research.

 

Artic ice melting is increasing global warming

Arctic ice melt 'like adding 20 years of CO2 emissions'

 
 

The loss of Arctic ice is massively compounding the effects of greenhouse gas emissions, ice scientist Professor Peter Wadhams has told BBC Newsnight.

White ice reflects more sunlight than open water, acting like a parasol. Melting of white Arctic ice, currently at its lowest level in recent history, is causing more absorption. Prof Wadhams calculates this absorption of the sun's rays is having an effect "the equivalent of about 20 years of additional CO2 being added by man".

Gorillas & Chimps threatened by human disease

In a bid to save wild apes from extinction, people may be unwittingly infecting them with potentially deadly diseases, new research shows.

Humans and great apes are closely related, creating the potential for diseases to jump between them. Isolated incidents have been documented of apes and monkeys contracting measles, pneumonia, and influenza from people, as well as a range of other bacteria, viruses and parasites. But the problem may be greater than even that, as highlighted by five recently published academic studies.

 

Your close cousins

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The close contact between animals and humans in research centres and sanctuaries is facilitating the spread of pathogens to apes, say scientists.

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