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Causes of Extinction of Species. Click the Read More link after each Snippet to read the complete article!

Humans killed off Australia's giant beasts

An extinct marsupial mega-herbivore
Scientists have linked a dramatic decrease in spores found in herbivore dung to the arrival of humans in Australia 41,000 years ago.
 
Humans hunted Australia's giant vertebrates to extinction about 40,000 years ago, the latest research published in Science has concluded. The cause of the widespread extinction has provoked much debate, with climate change being one theory. However, scientists studied dung samples from 130,000 and 41,000 years ago, when humans arrived, and concluded hunting and fire were the cause. The extinction in turn caused major ecological changes to the landscape.

New Species of Newt discovered in Loas

Should the location of newly discovered species be hidden?

 

The Laotriton laoensis newt

 

Discovering a new species can be the defining moment of a biologist's career, but for some it can also mean exposing rare and vulnerable animals to the dark world of the wildlife pet trade, with catastrophic results. It's a scientific dilemma that has led some conservationists to question whether it would be better to hide their findings from the world. In 1999, herpetologist Bryan Stuart was working in Northern Laos when he stumbled across an eye-catching newt he had never seen before. The creature was prehistoric in its appearance with thick, warty skin and bright, yellow dots all the way down its back. He spotted it in a bottle of alcohol that a Lao colleague had brought back from a wedding in a remote part of the country - the poison from the newt's skin had been used to make a drink with special medicinal properties for a toast to the newlyweds. Stuart went in search of the newt in the wild and three years later he published an article in the Journal of Herpetology, announcing the discovery of the new species, Laotriton laoensis.

Europe's water resources under pressure

Depleted reservoir, Portugal (Image: Reuters)    There is increasing demand for the continent's limited water resources, the report warns

 

Continued inefficient use of water could threaten Europe's economy, productivity and ecosystems, a report has warned.

DR Congo employs dogs to tackle elephant poaching

Dogs training at Virunga, September 2011
Bloodhounds have begun working  with rangers at Virunga National Park to track down poachers.

Rangers in the Democratic Republic of Congo's Virunga park have a new weapon in their fight against poachers. National Park authorities have trained five bloodhound dogs to track elephant poachers after a spate of incidents. The first investigation using the dogs was carried out last week and led to the discovery of illegal weapons. Poaching is one of the key threats to the animals in Virunga, a Unesco World Heritage Site in the war-torn eastern region of DR Congo. The park is also home to gorillas, chimpanzees, okapi, forest elephants and buffalo, among other wildlife. Some 300 rangers protect the park from poachers, rebel groups and illegal miners. 'Effective weapon' Park authorities now hope the bloodhound programme, which was implemented with help from a specialised Swiss centre and volunteers from the German police, will help to protect the vulnerable elephant population from ivory poachers. The dogs and their handlers got the chance to put their training into action on 1 March, when rangers spotted a dead elephant with its tusks cut off on the edge of Virunga.

Nicaragua to stop deforestation with eco-soldiers

 

Eco Battalion forces confiscate illegal lumber - Nicaraguan army photo   The Ecological Battalion is part of efforts to protect Nicaragua's natural resources

Deep inside the verdant and sweltering vegetation of Nicaragua's Mosquito

UN team examines mining threat to Great Barrier Reef

File photo: Great Barrier Reef     The Great Barrier Reef off the Queensland coast is home to a wealth of marine life

A UN team has arrived in Australia to investigate possible damage to the Great Barrier Reef by the mining industry.

Up to 900 tropical bird species could go extinct.

Up to 900 tropical bird species could 'go extinct'

 

          wire-tailed-manakin-312x176.jpg The wire-tailed manakin faces an uncertain future

 

Up to 900 species of tropical land birds around the world could become extinct by 2100, researchers say.

The finding is modelled on the effects of a 3.5C Earth surface temperature rise, a Biological Conservation Journal paper shows. Species may struggle to adapt to habitat loss and extreme weather events, author Cagan Sekercioglu says. Mountain, coastal, restricted-range, and species unable to get to higher elevations could be the worst affected.

 

Rhino Poaching is driving the rhinoceros to extinction.

South Africa troops tackle rhino poachers

Rhinos in a game park in South Africa
Rhinos are killed for their horns in many parts of Africa
South Africa is to deploy hundreds of extra troops along its borders to help fight gangs smuggling rhino horns, the government has announced.

Justice Minister Jeff Radebe said four military companies would be sent to the borders with Zimbabwe, Swaziland and Lesotho. Syndicates export the horns from Africa to parts of Asia and the Middle East. In 2011, a record 450 rhinos were killed by poachers in South Africa, the Department of Environment Affairs says. Mr Radebe said about 600 soldiers would join the fight against rhino poaching. "The deployment includes army engineers who are conducting repairs and maintenance on the Zimbabwe-Mozambique border fence, which is approximately 140 kilometres (85 miles)," Mr Radebe said. Last year troops were deployed along the Mozambican border, many of them inside the world-famous Kruger National Park where more than 200 rhinos were killed last year.

Ocean acidification = habitat loss = extinction

'Jacuzzi vents' model CO2 future

 At these volcanic vent sites, carbon dioxide bubbles up like a Jacuzzi
 

A UK scientist studying volcanic vents in the ocean says they hold a grave warning for future marine ecosystems.

Big Cats - Mountain Lions, Panthers, Jaguars, Tigers and Cheetahs

Of the nearly forty feline, or cat, species, only one—the domestic cat—is believed to be secure. As undeveloped land becomes harder to find, large cats, such as lions, panthers, tigers, jaguars, and cheetahs, are left with less and less natural habitat in which to live.

Big Cat Species facing Extinction

Big Cat Species Facing Extinction 2010 was supposed to be the Year of the Tiger. Unfortunately, tigers, lynx, jaguars, leopards, lions, pumas, cheetahs, and every species of Big Cat in the world is in decline. How long these magnificent species can evade extinction is up to us. Big Cats are part of the Family Felidae (or feline), and are a rich addition to our natural world. However, the Big Cats are in severe decline throughout the planet. The Anthropocene Extinction, also known as the Holocene Extinction event, is the world’s 6th great sudden loss of life. We are currently in the third wave of this, and man-made ecological effects such as an overexploitation of species, pollution, the introduction of alien species, and habitat encroachment are directly responsible for the decline and extinction of thousands of species of life.

Canada censoring its scientists

Canadian government is 'muzzling its scientists'

 

Canadian Arctic
Government experts tracked a new ozone hole, but were not allowed to give interviews.

The Canadian government has been accused of "muzzling" its scientists.

Speakers at a major science meeting being held in Canada said communication of vital research on health and environment issues is being suppressed. But one Canadian government department approached by the BBC said it held the communication of science as a priority. Prof Thomas Pedersen, a senior scientist at the University of Victoria, said he believed there was a political motive in some cases. "The Prime Minister (Stephen Harper) is keen to keep control of the message, I think to ensure that the government won't be embarrassed by scientific finding by Canadian scientists that run counter to sound environmental stewardship," he said.

“I suspect the federal government would prefer that its scientists don't discuss research that points out just how serious the climate change challenge is." Professor Thomas Pedersen University of Victoria

African tropical glaciers disappearing and going extinct

Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo have been home to tropical glaciers for tens of thousands of years.     These glaciers currently are receeding at a rate of between 30 meters per year to 50 meters per year.     The largest "glacier" is now about 1 square kilometer, in 2012.     The rate at which these glaciers are disappearing is increasing, and they will soon be extinct in our lifetime, probably by 2020.     Gloabal warming, caused by pollution and the burning of fossil fuels is the cause of this extinction. Unlike animals, however, glaciers can return when the climate cools down again, if we can reduce our population, pollution, and stop burning fossil fuels and modify our energy system. So perhaps extinction is too strong a word to use.

Super Predators - Humans

Predators have roamed the planet for 500 million years. The earliest is thought to be some type of simple marine organism, a flatworm maybe or type of crustacean, perhaps a giant shrimp that feasted on ancient trilobites. Much later came the famous predatory dinosaurs such as T. rex, and later still large toothed mammals such as sabre toothed cats or modern wolves. But one or two hundred thousand years ago, the world’s most powerful predator arrived. Us. We lacked big teeth or sharp claws, huge tentacles or venomous bites. But we had intelligence, and the guile to produce tools and artificial weapons. And as we became ever better hunters we started harvesting animals on a great scale. We wiped out the passenger pigeon, the dodo, the great herds of North American bison. Last century we decimated great whale populations. Today the world’s fishing fleets routinely take more fish than scientists say is sustainable, leading to crashes in cod numbers for example, while people kill more large mammals in North America than all other causes put together. But out of our mass consumption of the world’s fauna appears a curious conundrum.

Crime chiefs agree to get tough on illegal tiger trade

Tiger (Getty Images/Panoramic Images) About 4,000 tigers are estimated to remain in the wild

Crime chiefs from countries with populations of wild tigers have agreed to work together in order to combat the illegal trade in the big cats.

Heads of police and customs from 13 nations agreed to tighten controls and improve cross-border co-operation at a two-day meeting in Bangkok. Only six subspecies remain, with fewer than 1,000 tigers in each group. Smuggling of tiger parts is one of the main threats facing the planet's remaining big cats, say experts.

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Causes

Causes of Extinction include hunting, over-fishing, habitat loss, over-population, climate change, global warming, pollution and more.

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